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Robotic mushroom picking, strawberry yield forecasting and new bio-based materials to drive down the carbon footprint of car manufacturing are the focus of the first three companies to emerge from projects funded by – a partnership between five UK universities and three agricultural research institutes.

Led by , the commercialisation arm of the ̽��ֱ�� of Cambridge, Ceres was launched in 2018 – funded by Research England – to commercialise agri-tech based on university research. ̽��ֱ��other partners are the ̽��ֱ�� of East Anglia, the ̽��ֱ�� of Hertfordshire, the ̽��ֱ�� of Lincoln and the ̽��ֱ�� of Reading, as well as the NIAB, Rothamsted Research and the John Innes Centre.

̽��ֱ��market for fresh mushrooms in the UK is worth £450 million annually. But, until now, the picking has had to be done by hand to prevent damage to the delicate mushrooms. Existing robotic harvesters are not suitable for mushrooms – which is a major issue as the industry struggles to cope with current labour shortages. But Ceres spin-out ��Agaricus Robotics is developing a robot that can harvest even the most challenging dense clusters of mushrooms.

“In the UK alone, approximately 4,500 people are required every day to pick mushrooms – with labour costs representing a third of total production costs,” said Agaricus Robotics founder Bashir Al Diri. “It takes up to six months to train a picker and their skill determines the productivity of each mushroom bed. But our mushroom harvesting robot can pick whole crops without bruising the mushrooms and will lead to 20-30% yield increases from optimised 24/7 harvesting 365 days a year.”

Ceres spin-out FruitCast is focused on strawberry yield improvements, with a yield forecasting system based on AI-enabled data analytics. Image data from hand, vehicle or robot mounted cameras is used to measure individual fruit numbers, along with the weight and maturity state of millions of berries each day. This data is combined with weather forecasts in algorithms to predict yield six weeks ahead of existing systems.

“ ̽��ֱ��UK produces 120,000 tonnes of strawberries each year, with a retail value of £659 million,” said Fruitcast founder Raymond Kirk. “Predicting the timing and yield of strawberries is critical for the industry – but extremely difficult to do accurately. We’re creating a system that will not only benefit strawberry growers through improved sales but also reduce supply chain friction and crop waste.”

̽��ֱ��third spin-out company is Cellexcel, which has developed a process to make water-resistant materials from flax. ̽��ֱ��global market for composites – materials made from resin-reinforced fibres – in car manufacturing is predicted to reach nearly £20 billion by 2024. But the most popular composites, such as fibreglass and carbon fibre, are non-renewable and energy-intensive to produce.

“Replacing fibreglass and carbon fibre with renewable bio-based materials like flax promises to increase sustainability and reduce carbon footprints, as well as improving vehicle safety – as bio-composites do not shatter on impact,” said Cellexcel co-founder Richard Stephenson. “However, currently available flax-based composites are not water-resistant��and therefore cannot be used on car exteriors – severely limiting their applications. Our process is now set to drive down the carbon footprint of car manufacturing and add value to agricultural products and agricultural waste.”

“ ̽��ֱ��launch of our first three spin-out companies is evidence of the success of the Ceres collaboration and testament to the quality of agri-tech innovation in UK universities,” said Ceres Agri-Tech director Dr Louise Sutherland. “Alongside our commercialisation work with other projects in our pipeline, we are now also embarking on the next phase of Ceres and exploring new funding opportunities to enable us to accelerate our supply of innovative solutions to address the agri-tech problems of today and tomorrow.”